ReservationCollection Class

Reference

Definition

Namespace:: System.IO.Log

Assembly:: System.IO.Log.dll

Important

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Manages the collection of space reservations made in a record sequence.

public ref class ReservationCollection abstract : System::Collections::Generic::ICollection<long>, System::Collections::Generic::IEnumerable<long>

public abstract class ReservationCollection : System.Collections.Generic.ICollection<long>, System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<long>

type ReservationCollection = class
    interface ICollection<int64>
    interface seq<int64>
    interface IEnumerable

Public MustInherit Class ReservationCollection
Implements ICollection(Of Long), IEnumerable(Of Long)

Inheritance: Object
ReservationCollection

Implements: ICollection<Int64> IEnumerable<Int64> IEnumerable<T> IEnumerable

Examples

Reservations can be performed in two ways as shown in the following examples. You can adopt the practices in the samples for robust processing. Notice that this task can only be performed when using the CLFS-based LogRecordSequence class.

//Using the ReserveAndAppend Method  
ReservationCollection reservations = recordSequence.CreateReservationCollection();  
long[] lengthOfUndoRecords = new long[] { 1000 };  
recordSequence.ReserveAndAppend(recordData,  
                                                     userSqn,  
                                                     previousSqn,  
                                                     RecordSequenceAppendOptions.None,  
                                                     reservations,  
                                                     lengthOfUndoRecords);  
recordSequence.Append(undoRecordData,    // If necessary …  
                                    userSqn,  
                                    previousSqn,  
                                    RecordSequenceAppendOptions.ForceFlush,  
                                    reservations);  

// Using the Manual Approach  
ReservationCollection reservations = recordSequence.CreateReservationCollection();  
reservations.Add(lengthOfUndoRecord);  
try  
{  
   recordSequence.Append(recordData, userSqn, previousSqn, RecordAppendOptions.None);  
}  
catch (Exception)  
{  
   reservations.Remove(lengthOfUndoRecord);  
   throw;  
}  

recordSequence.Append(undoRecordData, userSqn, previousSqn, RecordAppendOptions.ForceFlush, reservations);

Remarks

This class represents a set of reservation areas that are made in a record sequence. Adding items to the collection allocates new reservations. Removing items from the collection frees those reservations.

An application reserves space in the log when it has data that is to be written to the log in the future, but cannot write it immediately. Reservations provide a guarantee that the data can be written to the log when the data is available to be written. When using logs, applications often reserve one or more log records in a marshaling area. You must reserve records prior to appending them.

Reservations can be used to guarantee that an operation can be completed before the data is committed; otherwise, the changes are rolled back. It can also be used to record an "undo action" in the log. During a rollback operation, a transactional resource manager (RM) must be able to recover its state if the RM is interrupted during the rollback operation. By using a reservation area, an RM can reserve space in a log before it is used.

The ReserveAndAppend method can either reserve space or append data, or both, depending on the parameters that are specified when making the call. As work progresses in a transaction, an application can append the undo information and reserve space for compensation records. During a rollback operation, compensation records that are created indicate what has been undone on the disk. The records are appended using space that has been previously reserved. This guarantees that an RM does not run out of log space, which is a fatal condition, while performing a rollback operation. If a log fills up during a transaction, an application can safely roll back a transaction without corrupting durable data.

CLFS is an ARIES-compliant logging system, meant for write-ahead logging. In write-ahead logging, an application writes an undo record before it performs the operation, reserving the amount of space it takes in the log to write a compensating record, which may be used during rollback. Later, the reserved space is used when the compensation record is actually written.

Applications can either reserve or access long space at any given time (they are mutually exclusive operations). After a commit record is written to the log, an application can free up the reservations for the compensation records. This action can be done by calling either the FreeReservation or ReserveAndAppend method. Calling the ReserveAndAppend method guarantees that the operation is atomic, while calling the FreeReservation method does not.

When you free records, you must free the same records that you reserved together in a previous call to the ReserveAndAppend method.

Note

Your implementation of IRecordSequence must implement the MakeReservation and FreeReservation methods to perform the actual reservation allocation and deallocation. In addition, your implementation must also call ReservationFreed when a record is written into a reserved space.

Constructors

ReservationCollection()

Initializes a new instance of the ReservationCollection class.

Properties

Count	Gets the number of reservations in the collection.
IsReadOnly	Gets a value that indicates whether the collection is read-only.

Methods

Add(Int64)	Allocates a reservation and adds it to the collection. This method cannot be inherited.
Clear()	Releases all of the reservations in the collection. This method cannot be inherited.
Contains(Int64)	Determines whether a reservation of the specified size has been made. This method cannot be inherited.
CopyTo(Int64[], Int32)	Copies the entire collection to a one-dimensional array, starting at the specified index of the target array. This method cannot be inherited.
Equals(Object)	Determines whether the specified object is equal to the current object. (Inherited from Object)
Finalize()	Allows the ReservationCollection to free resources before it is destroyed by the garbage collector.
FreeReservation(Int64)	When overridden in a derived class, releases a reservation of the specified size.
GetBestMatchingReservation(Int64)	When overridden in a derived class, gets the best matching reservation for a given size.
GetEnumerator()	Returns an enumerator that can iterate through the ReservationCollection. This method cannot be inherited.
GetHashCode()	Serves as the default hash function. (Inherited from Object)
GetType()	Gets the Type of the current instance. (Inherited from Object)
MakeReservation(Int64)	When overridden in a derived class, allocates a reservation of the specified size.
MemberwiseClone()	Creates a shallow copy of the current Object. (Inherited from Object)
Remove(Int64)	Releases a reservation of the specified size, if one has been made. This method cannot be inherited.
ReservationFreed(Int64)	When overridden in a derived class, indicates that a reservation has been released.
ReservationMade(Int64)	When overridden in a derived class, indicates that a reservation has been made.
ToString()	Returns a string that represents the current object. (Inherited from Object)

Explicit Interface Implementations

IEnumerable.GetEnumerator()

Returns an enumerator that can iterate through the ReservationCollection. This method cannot be inherited.

Extension Methods

CopyToDataTable<T>(IEnumerable<T>, DataTable, LoadOption, FillErrorEventHandler)	Copies DataRow objects to the specified DataTable, given an input IEnumerable<T> object where the generic parameter `T` is DataRow.
CopyToDataTable<T>(IEnumerable<T>, DataTable, LoadOption)	Copies DataRow objects to the specified DataTable, given an input IEnumerable<T> object where the generic parameter `T` is DataRow.
CopyToDataTable<T>(IEnumerable<T>)	Returns a DataTable that contains copies of the DataRow objects, given an input IEnumerable<T> object where the generic parameter `T` is DataRow.
Aggregate<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TSource,TSource>)	Applies an accumulator function over a sequence.
Aggregate<TSource,TAccumulate>(IEnumerable<TSource>, TAccumulate, Func<TAccumulate,TSource,TAccumulate>)	Applies an accumulator function over a sequence. The specified seed value is used as the initial accumulator value.
Aggregate<TSource,TAccumulate,TResult>(IEnumerable<TSource>, TAccumulate, Func<TAccumulate,TSource,TAccumulate>, Func<TAccumulate,TResult>)	Applies an accumulator function over a sequence. The specified seed value is used as the initial accumulator value, and the specified function is used to select the result value.
AggregateBy<TSource,TKey,TAccumulate>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource, TKey>, TAccumulate, Func<TAccumulate,TSource,TAccumulate>, IEqualityComparer<TKey>)	Applies an accumulator function over a sequence, grouping results by key.
AggregateBy<TSource,TKey,TAccumulate>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource, TKey>, Func<TKey,TAccumulate>, Func<TAccumulate,TSource,TAccumulate>, IEqualityComparer<TKey>)	Applies an accumulator function over a sequence, grouping results by key.
All<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Boolean>)	Determines whether all elements of a sequence satisfy a condition.
Any<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Boolean>)	Determines whether any element of a sequence satisfies a condition.
Any<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>)	Determines whether a sequence contains any elements.
Append<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, TSource)	Appends a value to the end of the sequence.
AsEnumerable<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>)	Returns the input typed as IEnumerable<T>.
Average<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Decimal>)	Computes the average of a sequence of Decimal values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.
Average<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Double>)	Computes the average of a sequence of Double values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.
Average<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Int32>)	Computes the average of a sequence of Int32 values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.
Average<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Int64>)	Computes the average of a sequence of Int64 values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.
Average<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Nullable<Decimal>>)	Computes the average of a sequence of nullable Decimal values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.
Average<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Nullable<Double>>)	Computes the average of a sequence of nullable Double values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.
Average<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Nullable<Int32>>)	Computes the average of a sequence of nullable Int32 values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.
Average<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Nullable<Int64>>)	Computes the average of a sequence of nullable Int64 values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.
Average<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Nullable<Single>>)	Computes the average of a sequence of nullable Single values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.
Average<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Single>)	Computes the average of a sequence of Single values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.
Cast<TResult>(IEnumerable)	Casts the elements of an IEnumerable to the specified type.
Chunk<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Int32)	Splits the elements of a sequence into chunks of size at most `size`.
Concat<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, IEnumerable<TSource>)	Concatenates two sequences.
Contains<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, TSource, IEqualityComparer<TSource>)	Determines whether a sequence contains a specified element by using a specified IEqualityComparer<T>.
Contains<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, TSource)	Determines whether a sequence contains a specified element by using the default equality comparer.
Count<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Boolean>)	Returns a number that represents how many elements in the specified sequence satisfy a condition.
Count<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>)	Returns the number of elements in a sequence.
CountBy<TSource,TKey>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TKey>, IEqualityComparer<TKey>)	Returns the count of elements in the source sequence grouped by key.
DefaultIfEmpty<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, TSource)	Returns the elements of the specified sequence or the specified value in a singleton collection if the sequence is empty.
DefaultIfEmpty<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>)	Returns the elements of the specified sequence or the type parameter's default value in a singleton collection if the sequence is empty.
Distinct<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, IEqualityComparer<TSource>)	Returns distinct elements from a sequence by using a specified IEqualityComparer<T> to compare values.
Distinct<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>)	Returns distinct elements from a sequence by using the default equality comparer to compare values.
DistinctBy<TSource,TKey>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TKey>, IEqualityComparer<TKey>)	Returns distinct elements from a sequence according to a specified key selector function and using a specified comparer to compare keys.
DistinctBy<TSource,TKey>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TKey>)	Returns distinct elements from a sequence according to a specified key selector function.
ElementAt<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Index)	Returns the element at a specified index in a sequence.
ElementAt<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Int32)	Returns the element at a specified index in a sequence.
ElementAtOrDefault<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Index)	Returns the element at a specified index in a sequence or a default value if the index is out of range.
ElementAtOrDefault<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Int32)	Returns the element at a specified index in a sequence or a default value if the index is out of range.
Except<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, IEnumerable<TSource>, IEqualityComparer<TSource>)	Produces the set difference of two sequences by using the specified IEqualityComparer<T> to compare values.
Except<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, IEnumerable<TSource>)	Produces the set difference of two sequences by using the default equality comparer to compare values.
ExceptBy<TSource,TKey>(IEnumerable<TSource>, IEnumerable<TKey>, Func<TSource,TKey>, IEqualityComparer<TKey>)	Produces the set difference of two sequences according to a specified key selector function.
ExceptBy<TSource,TKey>(IEnumerable<TSource>, IEnumerable<TKey>, Func<TSource,TKey>)	Produces the set difference of two sequences according to a specified key selector function.
First<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Boolean>)	Returns the first element in a sequence that satisfies a specified condition.
First<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>)	Returns the first element of a sequence.
FirstOrDefault<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, TSource)	Returns the first element of a sequence, or a specified default value if the sequence contains no elements.
FirstOrDefault<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Boolean>, TSource)	Returns the first element of the sequence that satisfies a condition, or a specified default value if no such element is found.
FirstOrDefault<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Boolean>)	Returns the first element of the sequence that satisfies a condition or a default value if no such element is found.
FirstOrDefault<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>)	Returns the first element of a sequence, or a default value if the sequence contains no elements.
GroupBy<TSource,TKey>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TKey>, IEqualityComparer<TKey>)	Groups the elements of a sequence according to a specified key selector function and compares the keys by using a specified comparer.
GroupBy<TSource,TKey>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TKey>)	Groups the elements of a sequence according to a specified key selector function.
GroupBy<TSource,TKey,TElement>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TKey>, Func<TSource,TElement>, IEqualityComparer<TKey>)	Groups the elements of a sequence according to a key selector function. The keys are compared by using a comparer and each group's elements are projected by using a specified function.
GroupBy<TSource,TKey,TElement>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TKey>, Func<TSource,TElement>)	Groups the elements of a sequence according to a specified key selector function and projects the elements for each group by using a specified function.
GroupBy<TSource,TKey,TResult>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TKey>, Func<TKey,IEnumerable<TSource>,TResult>, IEqualityComparer<TKey>)	Groups the elements of a sequence according to a specified key selector function and creates a result value from each group and its key. The keys are compared by using a specified comparer.
GroupBy<TSource,TKey,TResult>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TKey>, Func<TKey,IEnumerable<TSource>,TResult>)	Groups the elements of a sequence according to a specified key selector function and creates a result value from each group and its key.
GroupBy<TSource,TKey,TElement,TResult>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource, TKey>, Func<TSource,TElement>, Func<TKey,IEnumerable<TElement>, TResult>, IEqualityComparer<TKey>)	Groups the elements of a sequence according to a specified key selector function and creates a result value from each group and its key. Key values are compared by using a specified comparer, and the elements of each group are projected by using a specified function.
GroupBy<TSource,TKey,TElement,TResult>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TKey>, Func<TSource,TElement>, Func<TKey,IEnumerable<TElement>,TResult>)	Groups the elements of a sequence according to a specified key selector function and creates a result value from each group and its key. The elements of each group are projected by using a specified function.
GroupJoin<TOuter,TInner,TKey,TResult>(IEnumerable<TOuter>, IEnumerable<TInner>, Func<TOuter,TKey>, Func<TInner,TKey>, Func<TOuter,IEnumerable<TInner>, TResult>, IEqualityComparer<TKey>)	Correlates the elements of two sequences based on key equality and groups the results. A specified IEqualityComparer<T> is used to compare keys.
GroupJoin<TOuter,TInner,TKey,TResult>(IEnumerable<TOuter>, IEnumerable<TInner>, Func<TOuter,TKey>, Func<TInner,TKey>, Func<TOuter,IEnumerable<TInner>, TResult>)	Correlates the elements of two sequences based on equality of keys and groups the results. The default equality comparer is used to compare keys.
Index<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>)	Returns an enumerable that incorporates the element's index into a tuple.
Intersect<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, IEnumerable<TSource>, IEqualityComparer<TSource>)	Produces the set intersection of two sequences by using the specified IEqualityComparer<T> to compare values.
Intersect<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, IEnumerable<TSource>)	Produces the set intersection of two sequences by using the default equality comparer to compare values.
IntersectBy<TSource,TKey>(IEnumerable<TSource>, IEnumerable<TKey>, Func<TSource,TKey>, IEqualityComparer<TKey>)	Produces the set intersection of two sequences according to a specified key selector function.
IntersectBy<TSource,TKey>(IEnumerable<TSource>, IEnumerable<TKey>, Func<TSource,TKey>)	Produces the set intersection of two sequences according to a specified key selector function.
Join<TOuter,TInner,TKey,TResult>(IEnumerable<TOuter>, IEnumerable<TInner>, Func<TOuter,TKey>, Func<TInner,TKey>, Func<TOuter,TInner,TResult>, IEqualityComparer<TKey>)	Correlates the elements of two sequences based on matching keys. A specified IEqualityComparer<T> is used to compare keys.
Join<TOuter,TInner,TKey,TResult>(IEnumerable<TOuter>, IEnumerable<TInner>, Func<TOuter,TKey>, Func<TInner,TKey>, Func<TOuter,TInner,TResult>)	Correlates the elements of two sequences based on matching keys. The default equality comparer is used to compare keys.
Last<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Boolean>)	Returns the last element of a sequence that satisfies a specified condition.
Last<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>)	Returns the last element of a sequence.
LastOrDefault<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, TSource)	Returns the last element of a sequence, or a specified default value if the sequence contains no elements.
LastOrDefault<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Boolean>, TSource)	Returns the last element of a sequence that satisfies a condition, or a specified default value if no such element is found.
LastOrDefault<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Boolean>)	Returns the last element of a sequence that satisfies a condition or a default value if no such element is found.
LastOrDefault<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>)	Returns the last element of a sequence, or a default value if the sequence contains no elements.
LongCount<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Boolean>)	Returns an Int64 that represents how many elements in a sequence satisfy a condition.
LongCount<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>)	Returns an Int64 that represents the total number of elements in a sequence.
Max<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, IComparer<TSource>)	Returns the maximum value in a generic sequence.
Max<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Decimal>)	Invokes a transform function on each element of a sequence and returns the maximum Decimal value.
Max<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Double>)	Invokes a transform function on each element of a sequence and returns the maximum Double value.
Max<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Int32>)	Invokes a transform function on each element of a sequence and returns the maximum Int32 value.
Max<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Int64>)	Invokes a transform function on each element of a sequence and returns the maximum Int64 value.
Max<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Nullable<Decimal>>)	Invokes a transform function on each element of a sequence and returns the maximum nullable Decimal value.
Max<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Nullable<Double>>)	Invokes a transform function on each element of a sequence and returns the maximum nullable Double value.
Max<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Nullable<Int32>>)	Invokes a transform function on each element of a sequence and returns the maximum nullable Int32 value.
Max<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Nullable<Int64>>)	Invokes a transform function on each element of a sequence and returns the maximum nullable Int64 value.
Max<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Nullable<Single>>)	Invokes a transform function on each element of a sequence and returns the maximum nullable Single value.
Max<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Single>)	Invokes a transform function on each element of a sequence and returns the maximum Single value.
Max<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>)	Returns the maximum value in a generic sequence.
Max<TSource,TResult>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TResult>)	Invokes a transform function on each element of a generic sequence and returns the maximum resulting value.
MaxBy<TSource,TKey>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TKey>, IComparer<TKey>)	Returns the maximum value in a generic sequence according to a specified key selector function and key comparer.
MaxBy<TSource,TKey>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TKey>)	Returns the maximum value in a generic sequence according to a specified key selector function.
Min<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, IComparer<TSource>)	Returns the minimum value in a generic sequence.
Min<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Decimal>)	Invokes a transform function on each element of a sequence and returns the minimum Decimal value.
Min<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Double>)	Invokes a transform function on each element of a sequence and returns the minimum Double value.
Min<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Int32>)	Invokes a transform function on each element of a sequence and returns the minimum Int32 value.
Min<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Int64>)	Invokes a transform function on each element of a sequence and returns the minimum Int64 value.
Min<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Nullable<Decimal>>)	Invokes a transform function on each element of a sequence and returns the minimum nullable Decimal value.
Min<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Nullable<Double>>)	Invokes a transform function on each element of a sequence and returns the minimum nullable Double value.
Min<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Nullable<Int32>>)	Invokes a transform function on each element of a sequence and returns the minimum nullable Int32 value.
Min<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Nullable<Int64>>)	Invokes a transform function on each element of a sequence and returns the minimum nullable Int64 value.
Min<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Nullable<Single>>)	Invokes a transform function on each element of a sequence and returns the minimum nullable Single value.
Min<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Single>)	Invokes a transform function on each element of a sequence and returns the minimum Single value.
Min<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>)	Returns the minimum value in a generic sequence.
Min<TSource,TResult>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TResult>)	Invokes a transform function on each element of a generic sequence and returns the minimum resulting value.
MinBy<TSource,TKey>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TKey>, IComparer<TKey>)	Returns the minimum value in a generic sequence according to a specified key selector function and key comparer.
MinBy<TSource,TKey>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TKey>)	Returns the minimum value in a generic sequence according to a specified key selector function.
OfType<TResult>(IEnumerable)	Filters the elements of an IEnumerable based on a specified type.
Order<T>(IEnumerable<T>, IComparer<T>)	Sorts the elements of a sequence in ascending order.
Order<T>(IEnumerable<T>)	Sorts the elements of a sequence in ascending order.
OrderBy<TSource,TKey>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TKey>, IComparer<TKey>)	Sorts the elements of a sequence in ascending order by using a specified comparer.
OrderBy<TSource,TKey>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TKey>)	Sorts the elements of a sequence in ascending order according to a key.
OrderByDescending<TSource,TKey>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TKey>, IComparer<TKey>)	Sorts the elements of a sequence in descending order by using a specified comparer.
OrderByDescending<TSource,TKey>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TKey>)	Sorts the elements of a sequence in descending order according to a key.
OrderDescending<T>(IEnumerable<T>, IComparer<T>)	Sorts the elements of a sequence in descending order.
OrderDescending<T>(IEnumerable<T>)	Sorts the elements of a sequence in descending order.
Prepend<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, TSource)	Adds a value to the beginning of the sequence.
Reverse<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>)	Inverts the order of the elements in a sequence.
Select<TSource,TResult>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TResult>)	Projects each element of a sequence into a new form.
Select<TSource,TResult>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Int32,TResult>)	Projects each element of a sequence into a new form by incorporating the element's index.
SelectMany<TSource,TResult>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,IEnumerable<TResult>>)	Projects each element of a sequence to an IEnumerable<T> and flattens the resulting sequences into one sequence.
SelectMany<TSource,TResult>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Int32,IEnumerable<TResult>>)	Projects each element of a sequence to an IEnumerable<T>, and flattens the resulting sequences into one sequence. The index of each source element is used in the projected form of that element.
SelectMany<TSource,TCollection,TResult>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,IEnumerable<TCollection>>, Func<TSource,TCollection,TResult>)	Projects each element of a sequence to an IEnumerable<T>, flattens the resulting sequences into one sequence, and invokes a result selector function on each element therein.
SelectMany<TSource,TCollection,TResult>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Int32,IEnumerable<TCollection>>, Func<TSource,TCollection,TResult>)	Projects each element of a sequence to an IEnumerable<T>, flattens the resulting sequences into one sequence, and invokes a result selector function on each element therein. The index of each source element is used in the intermediate projected form of that element.
SequenceEqual<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, IEnumerable<TSource>, IEqualityComparer<TSource>)	Determines whether two sequences are equal by comparing their elements by using a specified IEqualityComparer<T>.
SequenceEqual<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, IEnumerable<TSource>)	Determines whether two sequences are equal by comparing the elements by using the default equality comparer for their type.
Single<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Boolean>)	Returns the only element of a sequence that satisfies a specified condition, and throws an exception if more than one such element exists.
Single<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>)	Returns the only element of a sequence, and throws an exception if there is not exactly one element in the sequence.
SingleOrDefault<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, TSource)	Returns the only element of a sequence, or a specified default value if the sequence is empty; this method throws an exception if there is more than one element in the sequence.
SingleOrDefault<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Boolean>, TSource)	Returns the only element of a sequence that satisfies a specified condition, or a specified default value if no such element exists; this method throws an exception if more than one element satisfies the condition.
SingleOrDefault<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Boolean>)	Returns the only element of a sequence that satisfies a specified condition or a default value if no such element exists; this method throws an exception if more than one element satisfies the condition.
SingleOrDefault<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>)	Returns the only element of a sequence, or a default value if the sequence is empty; this method throws an exception if there is more than one element in the sequence.
Skip<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Int32)	Bypasses a specified number of elements in a sequence and then returns the remaining elements.
SkipLast<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Int32)	Returns a new enumerable collection that contains the elements from `source` with the last `count` elements of the source collection omitted.
SkipWhile<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Boolean>)	Bypasses elements in a sequence as long as a specified condition is true and then returns the remaining elements.
SkipWhile<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Int32,Boolean>)	Bypasses elements in a sequence as long as a specified condition is true and then returns the remaining elements. The element's index is used in the logic of the predicate function.
Sum<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Decimal>)	Computes the sum of the sequence of Decimal values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.
Sum<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Double>)	Computes the sum of the sequence of Double values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.
Sum<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Int32>)	Computes the sum of the sequence of Int32 values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.
Sum<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Int64>)	Computes the sum of the sequence of Int64 values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.
Sum<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Nullable<Decimal>>)	Computes the sum of the sequence of nullable Decimal values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.
Sum<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Nullable<Double>>)	Computes the sum of the sequence of nullable Double values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.
Sum<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Nullable<Int32>>)	Computes the sum of the sequence of nullable Int32 values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.
Sum<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Nullable<Int64>>)	Computes the sum of the sequence of nullable Int64 values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.
Sum<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Nullable<Single>>)	Computes the sum of the sequence of nullable Single values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.
Sum<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Single>)	Computes the sum of the sequence of Single values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.
Take<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Int32)	Returns a specified number of contiguous elements from the start of a sequence.
Take<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Range)	Returns a specified range of contiguous elements from a sequence.
TakeLast<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Int32)	Returns a new enumerable collection that contains the last `count` elements from `source`.
TakeWhile<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Boolean>)	Returns elements from a sequence as long as a specified condition is true.
TakeWhile<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Int32,Boolean>)	Returns elements from a sequence as long as a specified condition is true. The element's index is used in the logic of the predicate function.
ToArray<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>)	Creates an array from a IEnumerable<T>.
ToDictionary<TSource,TKey>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TKey>, IEqualityComparer<TKey>)	Creates a Dictionary<TKey,TValue> from an IEnumerable<T> according to a specified key selector function and key comparer.
ToDictionary<TSource,TKey>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TKey>)	Creates a Dictionary<TKey,TValue> from an IEnumerable<T> according to a specified key selector function.
ToDictionary<TSource,TKey,TElement>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TKey>, Func<TSource,TElement>, IEqualityComparer<TKey>)	Creates a Dictionary<TKey,TValue> from an IEnumerable<T> according to a specified key selector function, a comparer, and an element selector function.
ToDictionary<TSource,TKey,TElement>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TKey>, Func<TSource,TElement>)	Creates a Dictionary<TKey,TValue> from an IEnumerable<T> according to specified key selector and element selector functions.
ToHashSet<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, IEqualityComparer<TSource>)	Creates a HashSet<T> from an IEnumerable<T> using the `comparer` to compare keys.
ToHashSet<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>)	Creates a HashSet<T> from an IEnumerable<T>.
ToList<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>)	Creates a List<T> from an IEnumerable<T>.
ToLookup<TSource,TKey>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TKey>, IEqualityComparer<TKey>)	Creates a Lookup<TKey,TElement> from an IEnumerable<T> according to a specified key selector function and key comparer.
ToLookup<TSource,TKey>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TKey>)	Creates a Lookup<TKey,TElement> from an IEnumerable<T> according to a specified key selector function.
ToLookup<TSource,TKey,TElement>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TKey>, Func<TSource,TElement>, IEqualityComparer<TKey>)	Creates a Lookup<TKey,TElement> from an IEnumerable<T> according to a specified key selector function, a comparer and an element selector function.
ToLookup<TSource,TKey,TElement>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TKey>, Func<TSource,TElement>)	Creates a Lookup<TKey,TElement> from an IEnumerable<T> according to specified key selector and element selector functions.
TryGetNonEnumeratedCount<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Int32)	Attempts to determine the number of elements in a sequence without forcing an enumeration.
Union<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, IEnumerable<TSource>, IEqualityComparer<TSource>)	Produces the set union of two sequences by using a specified IEqualityComparer<T>.
Union<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, IEnumerable<TSource>)	Produces the set union of two sequences by using the default equality comparer.
UnionBy<TSource,TKey>(IEnumerable<TSource>, IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TKey>, IEqualityComparer<TKey>)	Produces the set union of two sequences according to a specified key selector function.
UnionBy<TSource,TKey>(IEnumerable<TSource>, IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TKey>)	Produces the set union of two sequences according to a specified key selector function.
Where<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Boolean>)	Filters a sequence of values based on a predicate.
Where<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,Int32,Boolean>)	Filters a sequence of values based on a predicate. Each element's index is used in the logic of the predicate function.
Zip<TFirst,TSecond>(IEnumerable<TFirst>, IEnumerable<TSecond>)	Produces a sequence of tuples with elements from the two specified sequences.
Zip<TFirst,TSecond,TThird>(IEnumerable<TFirst>, IEnumerable<TSecond>, IEnumerable<TThird>)	Produces a sequence of tuples with elements from the three specified sequences.
Zip<TFirst,TSecond,TResult>(IEnumerable<TFirst>, IEnumerable<TSecond>, Func<TFirst,TSecond,TResult>)	Applies a specified function to the corresponding elements of two sequences, producing a sequence of the results.
AsParallel(IEnumerable)	Enables parallelization of a query.
AsParallel<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>)	Enables parallelization of a query.
AsQueryable(IEnumerable)	Converts an IEnumerable to an IQueryable.
AsQueryable<TElement>(IEnumerable<TElement>)	Converts a generic IEnumerable<T> to a generic IQueryable<T>.
Ancestors<T>(IEnumerable<T>, XName)	Returns a filtered collection of elements that contains the ancestors of every node in the source collection. Only elements that have a matching XName are included in the collection.
Ancestors<T>(IEnumerable<T>)	Returns a collection of elements that contains the ancestors of every node in the source collection.
DescendantNodes<T>(IEnumerable<T>)	Returns a collection of the descendant nodes of every document and element in the source collection.
Descendants<T>(IEnumerable<T>, XName)	Returns a filtered collection of elements that contains the descendant elements of every element and document in the source collection. Only elements that have a matching XName are included in the collection.
Descendants<T>(IEnumerable<T>)	Returns a collection of elements that contains the descendant elements of every element and document in the source collection.
Elements<T>(IEnumerable<T>, XName)	Returns a filtered collection of the child elements of every element and document in the source collection. Only elements that have a matching XName are included in the collection.
Elements<T>(IEnumerable<T>)	Returns a collection of the child elements of every element and document in the source collection.
InDocumentOrder<T>(IEnumerable<T>)	Returns a collection of nodes that contains all nodes in the source collection, sorted in document order.
Nodes<T>(IEnumerable<T>)	Returns a collection of the child nodes of every document and element in the source collection.
Remove<T>(IEnumerable<T>)	Removes every node in the source collection from its parent node.

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