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Hi Thiago,
You don't need to change anything there. You can't edit the settings on the RefinableString properties in SharePoint Online, and you can't create a new custom property that is Refinable. Microsoft only allows refiners on the pre-created RefinableString, RefinableDate, RefinableInt and similar properties.
The RefinableStrings already work for querying, whatever the greyed-out checkbox shows. I use them with PnP Modern Search all the time. Here's what to do:
- Map your crawled property (e.g. ows_Department) to an unused RefinableString, such as RefinableString05. Do this at the tenant level (SharePoint admin center → More features → Search → Manage Search Schema) if you need it across sites.
- Reindex the site or library, then wait a few hours for the crawl to pick it up.
- In PnP Search, use it in the Filters/Refiners web part by selecting RefinableString05. In the query template, filter with RefinableString05:"Finance".
If nothing comes back, the cause is almost always that the reindex hasn't completed yet, not the Queryable setting.
Hope this helps!