Event Trigger Example (C++)
This C++ example shows how to create a task that is scheduled to send an email when an event occurs. The task contains an event trigger that specifies an event query that subscribes to an event from the Windows Event Log service. When the event occurs, the task is triggered. The task also contains an action that specifies the task to send an email message. The task is registered using a password and user name as the security context to run the task.
The following procedure describes how to schedule a task to send an email when an event occurs.
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To schedule an E-mail to be sent when an event occurs
Initialize COM and set general COM security.
Create the ITaskService object.
This object allows you to create tasks in a specified folder.
Get a task folder to create a task in.
Use the ITaskService::GetFolder method to get the folder, and the ITaskService::NewTask method to create the ITaskDefinition object.
Define information about the task using the ITaskDefinition object, such as the registration information for the task.
Use the RegistrationInfo property of ITaskDefinition and other properties of the ITaskDefinition interface to define the task information.
Create an event trigger using the Triggers property of ITaskDefinition to access the ITriggerCollection for the task.
Use the ITriggerCollection::Create method (specifying the type of trigger you want to create) to create an event trigger. This allows you to set the event query to subscribe to events. For information about how to create an event query, see Event Selection.
Create an action for the task to execute by using the Actions property of ITaskDefinition to access the IActionCollection interface for the task.
Use the IActionCollection::Create method to specify the type of action that you want to create. This example uses an IEmailAction object, which represents an action that sends a specified email message.
Register the task using the ITaskFolder::RegisterTaskDefinition method.
The following C++ example shows how to schedule a task to send an email when an event occurs.
/********************************************************************
This sample schedules a task to send an email when an event occurs.
********************************************************************/
#define _WIN32_DCOM
#include <windows.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <comdef.h>
#include <wincred.h>
// Include the task header file.
#include <taskschd.h>
# pragma comment(lib, \"taskschd.lib\")
# pragma comment(lib, \"comsupp.lib\")
# pragma comment(lib, \"credui.lib\")
using namespace std;
int __cdecl wmain()
{
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Initialize COM.
HRESULT hr = CoInitializeEx(NULL, COINIT_MULTITHREADED);
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCoInitializeEx failed: %x", hr );
return 1;
}
// Set general COM security levels.
hr = CoInitializeSecurity(
NULL,
-1,
NULL,
NULL,
RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT_PRIVACY,
RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE,
NULL,
0,
NULL);
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCoInitializeSecurity failed: %x", hr );
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Create a name for the task.
LPCWSTR wszTaskName = L"Event Trigger Test Task";
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Create an instance of the Task Service.
ITaskService *pService = NULL;
hr = CoCreateInstance( CLSID_TaskScheduler,
NULL,
CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
IID_ITaskService,
(void**)&pService );
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("Failed to CoCreate an instance of the TaskService class: %x", hr);
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// Connect to the task service.
hr = pService->Connect(_variant_t(), _variant_t(),
_variant_t(), _variant_t());
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("ITaskService::Connect failed: %x", hr );
pService->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Get the pointer to the root task folder. This folder will hold the
// new task that is registered.
ITaskFolder *pRootFolder = NULL;
hr = pService->GetFolder( _bstr_t( L"\\") , &pRootFolder );
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("Cannot get Root Folder pointer: %x", hr );
pService->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// If the same task exists, remove it.
pRootFolder->DeleteTask( _bstr_t( wszTaskName), 0 );
// Create the task builder object to create the task.
ITaskDefinition *pTask = NULL;
hr = pService->NewTask( 0, &pTask );
pService->Release(); // COM clean up. Pointer is no longer used.
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("Failed to create an instance of the task: %x", hr);
pRootFolder->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Get the registration info for setting the identification.
IRegistrationInfo *pRegInfo= NULL;
hr = pTask->get_RegistrationInfo( &pRegInfo );
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot get identification pointer: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
hr = pRegInfo->put_Author( L"Author Name" );
pRegInfo->Release(); // COM clean up. Pointer is no longer used.
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot put identification info: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Create the settings for the task
ITaskSettings *pSettings = NULL;
hr = pTask->get_Settings( &pSettings );
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot get settings pointer: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// Set setting values for the task.
hr = pSettings->put_StartWhenAvailable(VARIANT_TRUE);
pSettings->Release(); // COM clean up. Pointer is no longer used.
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot put setting info: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Get the trigger collection to insert the event trigger.
ITriggerCollection *pTriggerCollection = NULL;
hr = pTask->get_Triggers( &pTriggerCollection );
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot get trigger collection: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// Create the event trigger for the task.
ITrigger *pTrigger = NULL;
hr = pTriggerCollection->Create( TASK_TRIGGER_EVENT, &pTrigger );
pTriggerCollection->Release();
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot create the trigger: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
IEventTrigger *pEventTrigger = NULL;
hr = pTrigger->QueryInterface(
IID_IEventTrigger, (void**) &pEventTrigger );
pTrigger->Release();
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nQueryInterface call on IEventTrigger failed: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
hr = pEventTrigger->put_Id( _bstr_t( L"Trigger1" ) );
if( FAILED(hr) )
printf("\nCannot put the trigger ID: %x", hr);
// Set the task to start at a certain time. The time
// format should be YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS(+-)(timezone).
// For example, the start boundary below
// is January 1st 2005 at 12:05
hr = pEventTrigger->put_StartBoundary( _bstr_t(L"2005-01-01T12:05:00") );
if( FAILED(hr) )
printf("\nCannot put the trigger start boundary: %x", hr);
hr = pEventTrigger->put_EndBoundary( _bstr_t(L"2015-05-02T08:00:00") );
if( FAILED(hr) )
printf("\nCannot put the trigger end boundary: %x", hr);
// Define the delay for the event trigger (30 seconds).
hr = pEventTrigger->put_Delay( L"PT30S" );
if( FAILED(hr) )
printf("\nCannot put the trigger delay: %x", hr);
// Define the event query for the event trigger.
// The following query string defines a subscription to all
// level 2 events in the System channel.
hr = pEventTrigger->put_Subscription(
L"<QueryList> <Query Id='1'> <Select Path='System'>*[System/Level=2]</Select></Query></QueryList>" );
pEventTrigger->Release();
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot put the event query: %x", hr);
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Add an action to the task. This task will send an email message.
IActionCollection *pActionCollection = NULL;
// Get the task action collection pointer.
hr = pTask->get_Actions( &pActionCollection );
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot get action collection pointer: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// Create the action, specifying that it will send an email message.
IAction *pAction = NULL;
hr = pActionCollection->Create( TASK_ACTION_SEND_EMAIL, &pAction );
pActionCollection->Release();
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot create an email action: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
IEmailAction *pEmailAction = NULL;
// QI for the email task pointer.
hr = pAction->QueryInterface(IID_IEmailAction, (void**) &pEmailAction );
pAction->Release();
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nQueryInterface call failed for IEmailAction: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// Set the properties of the email action.
hr = pEmailAction->put_From(L"[email protected]");
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot put From information: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pEmailAction->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
hr = pEmailAction->put_To(L"[email protected]");
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot put To information: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pEmailAction->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
hr = pEmailAction->put_Server(L"MyEmailServerName.domain.com");
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot put SMTP server information: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pEmailAction->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
hr = pEmailAction->put_Subject(L"An event has occurred");
if( FAILED(hr) )
printf("\nCannot put the subject information: %x", hr);
hr = pEmailAction->put_Body(L"A level 2 event occurred in the system channel.");
if( FAILED(hr) )
printf("\nCannot put the email body information: %x", hr);
pEmailAction->Release();
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Securely get the user name and password. The task will
// be created to run with the credentials from the supplied
// user name and password.
CREDUI_INFO cui;
TCHAR pszName[CREDUI_MAX_USERNAME_LENGTH] = "";
TCHAR pszPwd[CREDUI_MAX_PASSWORD_LENGTH] = "";
BOOL fSave;
DWORD dwErr;
cui.cbSize = sizeof(CREDUI_INFO);
cui.hwndParent = NULL;
// Ensure that MessageText and CaptionText identify
// what credentials to use and which application requires them.
cui.pszMessageText = TEXT("Account information for task registration:");
cui.pszCaptionText = TEXT("Enter Account Information for Task Registration");
cui.hbmBanner = NULL;
fSave = FALSE;
// Create the UI asking for the credentials.
dwErr = CredUIPromptForCredentials(
&cui, // CREDUI_INFO structure
TEXT(""), // Target for credentials
NULL, // Reserved
0, // Reason
pszName, // User name
CREDUI_MAX_USERNAME_LENGTH, // Max number for user name
pszPwd, // Password
CREDUI_MAX_PASSWORD_LENGTH, // Max number for password
&fSave, // State of save check box
CREDUI_FLAGS_GENERIC_CREDENTIALS | // Flags
CREDUI_FLAGS_ALWAYS_SHOW_UI |
CREDUI_FLAGS_DO_NOT_PERSIST);
if(dwErr)
{
cout << "Did not get credentials." << endl;
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Save the task in the root folder.
IRegisteredTask *pRegisteredTask = NULL;
hr = pRootFolder->RegisterTaskDefinition(
_bstr_t( wszTaskName ),
pTask,
TASK_CREATE_OR_UPDATE,
_variant_t(_bstr_t(pszName)),
_variant_t(_bstr_t(pszPwd)),
TASK_LOGON_PASSWORD,
_variant_t(L""),
&pRegisteredTask);
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nError saving the Task : %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
SecureZeroMemory(pszName, sizeof(pszName));
SecureZeroMemory(pszPwd, sizeof(pszPwd));
return 1;
}
printf("\n Success! Task successfully registered. " );
// Clean up.
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
pRegisteredTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
// When you have finished using the credentials,
// erase them from memory.
SecureZeroMemory(pszName, sizeof(pszName));
SecureZeroMemory(pszPwd, sizeof(pszPwd));
return 0;
}
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Build date: 10/16/2012