This sounds like Windows’ automatic time-zone detection is receiving an incorrect location signal rather than a Windows Time/NTP synchronization issue.
Since Location Services and Set time zone automatically are already enabled, I’d check these next:
- Go to Settings -> Privacy & security -> Location and confirm that Windows Location Service is enabled.
- Check whether the device is managed by Group Policy or Intune, because a policy can override the automatic time-zone setting.
- Check the Auto Time Zone Updater (tzautoupdate) service/registry configuration. Microsoft documents that tzautoupdate controls the automatic time-zone feature.
- Check Settings -> Windows Update -> Update history and note the exact update installed immediately before the behavior started.
- If the user travels frequently and automatic detection continues selecting the wrong zone, temporarily disable Set time zone automatically and select the correct zone manually. Microsoft documents this as the supported manual configuration.
Because the issue started after returning from Mexico, I'd also verify whether Windows is receiving an incorrect location result rather than assuming the Windows Time service is the cause.
If this is a managed/work device, I would check the relevant Group Policy/Intune settings before changing the registry.