Additional Microsoft Defender tools and services that provide security across various platforms and environments
What you are describing very likely does not mean that your computer has a virus or that you actually have an active McAfee antivirus installation. The fact that Microsoft Defender reports no threats, while the "McAfee" messages insist that you pay to renew before removing a virus, is a strong indication that these are fraudulent browser notifications or scareware advertisements pretending to be McAfee.
First, do not click "Remove Virus," "Scan," "Renew," or any payment link in those pop-ups. Do not enter your credit-card information. If McAfee does not appear under Settings > Apps > Installed apps, there may not be a McAfee program installed on the computer at all.
The most common cause is that a website was accidentally allowed to send notifications. In Microsoft Edge, open Edge and go to Settings > Cookies and site permissions > Notifications. Under "Allow," look for websites you do not recognize, particularly sites with names suggesting antivirus scans, security alerts, McAfee, Microsoft, or anything similar. Click the three dots next to the suspicious site and select Remove or Block. You can also turn off "Ask before sending" if you do not want websites requesting notification permission in the future.
Then clear the browser's notification permissions and browsing data. In Edge, go to Settings > Privacy, search, and services > Clear browsing data, select "All time," and clear at least Cookies and other site data and Cached images and files. Close and reopen Edge.
You should also check Windows notifications. Go to Settings > System > Notifications and look through the list of applications allowed to send notifications. If you see Microsoft Edge generating the McAfee alerts, that further confirms that the messages are browser notifications rather than McAfee antivirus detections. You can temporarily turn off Edge notifications there, although removing the offending website's permission in Edge is the better solution.
For the actual malware check, Microsoft Defender should be sufficient. Open Windows Security > Virus & threat protection > Scan options and run a Full scan. If you are still concerned after that, run Microsoft Defender Offline scan. It will restart the computer and scan Windows before the operating system fully loads, which is useful for detecting persistent malware.
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hth
Marcin