A family of Microsoft spreadsheet software with tools for analyzing, charting, and communicating data.
Try this in order:
- Start Excel in safe mode to check whether an add-in is causing the freeze.
- On Windows 11 or Windows 10: Start > All apps > Windows System > Run
- Type
Excel /safeand select OK. - If Excel works in safe mode, the problem is likely an add-in.
- Disable COM add-ins.
- In Excel, go to File > Options > Add-ins.
- Select COM Add-ins and click Go.
- Clear all check boxes, click OK, then restart Excel normally.
- Re-enable add-ins one at a time, restarting Excel each time, to identify the one causing the freeze.
- Install the latest Microsoft 365 and Windows updates.
- Recent Excel updates include fixes for performance, freeze panes rendering, PivotTable refresh, and loading complex shapes.
- Check whether Excel is still processing another task.
- If Excel is in use by another process, this appears in the status bar at the bottom of the Excel window.
- Let that task finish before pasting again.
- Check the workbook itself.
Freezing can be caused by workbook content such as:
- formulas that reference entire columns
- array formulas with uneven arguments
- excessive styles from repeated copy/paste
- excessive or invalid defined names
- large numbers of shapes or hidden objects
- Test the file locally if it is stored on a network, SharePoint, web folder, Remote Desktop/Citrix session, or other virtualized/network location.
- Saving and opening the file locally helps determine whether the issue is the workbook or where it is stored.
- Check antivirus software.
- Make sure antivirus definitions are up to date.
- If antivirus integrates with Excel, it can cause performance issues.
- Disabling antivirus integration can help test this, but changing antivirus settings can make the PC more vulnerable.
- If the issue continues, perform a selective startup (clean boot) to identify whether another background program or service is conflicting with Excel.
- If Excel still freezes, repair Microsoft 365.
If the freeze happens only in one workbook, focus on the workbook-content checks. If it happens in every workbook when pasting formulas, safe mode, add-ins, antivirus, updates, and clean boot are the most relevant checks.
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