Thanks for using the Q&A platform.
Caching public Go (Golang) modules in Azure Artifacts, like you do with npm or NuGet using upstream sources, is not directly supported in the same way for Go.
Azure Artifacts does not currently support Go modules as a package type in the same native way it supports npm, NuGet, Maven, Python, and Universal packages.
Find: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/devops/artifacts/?view=azure-devops
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Regards,
Obinna