@Yachi Leo, Thanks for posting in Q&A. From the error message, I find the certificate template which used to request certificate configuring key size as 2048. But from the Intune certificate request, it uses 1024 which not meet the certificate template request. Therefore, it is failed.
From the PKCS certificate profile, there's no place to configure the key size.
In PKCS certificate workflow. I know the certificate request is created on the server host Intune Certificate Connector
After researching, the key size may be different on different windows server version. For our windows server which installed the Intune certificate connector, please ensure windows server is with the latest version and with the latest update installed. If not, please upgrade it to see if the issue can be fixed.
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